ELSEVIER, 140-141 (2003) 205-211

Authors
Michaela Aufderheide, Jan W. Knebel, Detlef Ritter

The goal of this studiy is to analyze the biological effects of test atmospheres under environmental conditions without humidifying the atmosphere or adding additional CO2.

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Inhalation Toxicology, 15:67-84, 2003

Authors
Detlef Ritter, Jan W. Knebel, Michaela Aufderheide

The experimental setup included online monitoring of the gas phase and particulate phase. A cell exposure of different smoke and synthetic air periods was sufficient to cause different effects as measured by intracellular glutathione content. The fact that the system could differentiate between different types of cigarette smoke demonstrated its high sensitivity and specificity. 

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Issue 30, pp. 433-441, 2002

Authors
Michaela Aufderheide, Jan W. Knebel and Detlef Ritter

This study presents the testing of various generated atmospheres under the same cell-exposure conditions and demonstartion of studying dose-dependent cytotoxic effects in human lung epithelial cells exposed to air contaminated with single gases or complex mixtures, such as diesel exhaust fumes and side-stream cigarette smoke.

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Volume 16, Issue 2, pp. 185-192, April, 2002

Authors
J.W. Knebel, D. Ritter, M. Aufderheide

The experimental set-up allows the investigation of native diesel exhaust using short distances for the transportation of the gas to the target cells. Cell viability was not influenced by the exposure to clean air, whereas dose-dependent cytotoxicity was found contingent on the dosage of exhaust.

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Exp Toxic Pathol 2001; 53: 373-386 accepted August 2, 2001

Authors
Detlef Ritter, Jan W. Knebel, and Michaela Aufderheide

Exposures of human lung fibroblasts (Lk004 cells) and human lung epithelial cells (HFBE-21 cells) to synthetic air, ozone and nitrogen dioxide established that cells could be treated long enough to detect biological effects of environmentally relevant gas mixtures. The analysis of viability (viable cell number, tetrazoliumsalt cleavage) and intracellular end-points (oxidized/reduced glutathione, ATP/ADP) showed that both gases induced relevant cellular changes. In exploratory experiments without cells, the reproducibility and quality of the gas/membrane contact in the air-liquid interface could be demonstrated.

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