https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106718

Rui-Wen He ^a,b, Marc M.G. Houtzager ^c, W.P. Jongeneel ^a, Remco H.S. Westerink ^b, Flemming R. Cassee ^a,b

^a National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands
^b Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Toxicology Division, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80177, 3508 TD Utrecht, the Netherlands
^c The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, TNO, P.O. Box 80015, 3508 TA Utrecht, the Netherlands

This unique experimental “Mini-BACS + AES” setup is able to provide steady conditions to perform in vitro exposure under ALI conditions to aircraft engine oil and hydraulic fluid fumes, generated at respectively 350 ◦C and 200 ◦C. Exposure of the Calu-3 monoculture and Calu-3 + MDM co-culture lung cell models to high levels of aircraft engine oil and hydraulic fluid fumes under ALI conditions can reduce TEER and viabilities of the cells, induce cytotoxicity, and increase production of proinflammatory cytokines. Hydraulic fluid fumes are more toxic than engine oil fumes on the mass concentration of fume basis, which may be related to higher abundance of OPs and smaller particle size of hydraulic fluid fumes. The toxicological data clearly reflect the potential health risks during fume events in aircraft cabins.

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Regular leak tests are mandatory in aerosol research. A leak caused by a forgotten connection or defective o-ring may have a significant influence on the aerosol exposure process. We recommend to carry out a leak test prior to the experiment and as part of cleaning or service routine.

VITROCELL Application Note

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https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11010065

Silvia Diabaté ¹, Lucie Armand ², Sivakumar Murugadoss ¹ , Marco Dilger ¹ , Susanne Fritsch-Decker ¹, Christoph Schlager ³, David Béal ², Marie-Edith Arnal ², Mathilde Biola-Clier ², Selina Ambrose ⁴, Sonja Mülhopt ³, Hanns-Rudolf Paur ³, Iseult Lynch ⁵ , Eugenia Valsami-Jones ⁵ , Marie Carriere ², and Carsten Weiss ¹

¹ Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems–Biological Information Processing, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany;
² CEA, CNRS, IRIG, SyMMES, University Grenoble Alpes, 38054 Grenoble, France;
³ Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Technical Chemistry, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; 
⁴ Promethean Particles Ltd., Nottingham NG7 3EF, UK;
⁵ School of Geography Earth & Environmental Sciences (GEES), University of Birmingham (UoB), Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;

KIT, together with VITROCELL SYSTEMS, set up a first Automated Exposure Station, which has been used for the assessment of nanoscale particle emissions from combustion sources such as ship diesel and wood burners. The system was further developed and offers a compact solution for toxicity testing of nanoparticle (NP) aerosols including sample conditioning, reproducible deposition, integrated dose determination by a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), flow control, automated processes and data acquisition. The device was also tested with partner laboratories with the aim of potentially standardizing and achieving regulatory acceptance of the method.

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https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-020-01571-1

Alexandra Noël, Ekhtear Hossain, Zakia Perveen, Hasan Zaman and Arthur L. Penn
Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, 1909 Skip Bertman Drive, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA

Human bronchial epithelial cells (H292) were exposed to either butter-flavored or cinnamon-flavored e-cig aerosols at the ALI in a Vitrocell exposure system connected to a third-generation e-cig device.

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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.110350

Emeline Seurat ^a, Anthony Verdin ^b, Fabrice Cazier ^c, Dominique Courcot ^b, Richard Fitoussi ^d, Katell Vi´e ^d, Val´erie Desauziers ^e, Isabelle Momas ^a, Nathalie Seta ^a, Sophie Achard ^a
a Laboratoire de Sant´e Publique et Environnement, Hera “Health Environmental Risk Assessment”, Inserm UMR1153-CRESS (Centre de Recherche en Epid´emiologie et StatistiqueS), Universit´e de Paris, Facult´e de Pharmacie de Paris, 4, Avenue de L’Observatoire, 75006, Paris, France
^b Unit´e de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant UR4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Maison de La Recherche en Environnement Industriel 2, Universit´e Du Littoral Cˆote D’Opale, 189A Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140, Dunkerque, France
^c Centre Commun de Mesures (CCM), Universit´e Du Littoral-Cˆote D’Opale, 145 Avenue Maurice Schumann, 5914, Dunkerque, France
^d Laboratoires Clarins, 5 Rue Amp`ere, 95300, Pontoise, France
^e IPREM, IMT Mines Ales, Universit´e de Pau et des Pays de L’Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, Pau, France

In the course of this study, they tested various pollutants with different chemical compositions, applying them to the apical side of Reconstructed Human Epidermis and being particularly interested in the effect relative humidity has on the reaction to pollutants. Investigating several cytokines and chemokines, they showed that IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, and RANTES are the cytokines/chemokines almost systematically induced by most pollutants.

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