https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12081362

Mélanie M. Leroux ¹ , Romain Hocquel ¹, Kevin Bourge ¹ , Boštjan Kokot ² , Hana Kokot ² , Tilen Kokliˇc ², Janez Štrancar ², Yaobo Ding ³ , Pramod Kumar ³, Otmar Schmid ³ , Bertrand H. Rihn ¹, Luc Ferrari ¹ and Olivier Joubert ^1
1 Institut Jean Lamour, UMR CNRS 7198, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IJL, F-54000 Nancy, France
² Jožef Stefan Institute, Department of Condensed Matter Physics, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
³ Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany

The goal of this work was to refine an ALI pre-established protocol for the VITROCELL^® Cloud 6 system. Therefore, after addressing each crucial step, (i.e., the use of very low concentrations of NP, the deposition of a homogeneous layer of surfactant, the specific use of semi-adherent cells, and finally the enhancement of the extraction yield of RNA to carry out transcriptomic studies), we present here for the first time a robust almost ready-to-use protocol. This one will be helpful for nanotoxicologists interested in developing such methodologies.

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https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11123226

Sivakumar Murugadoss ¹, Sonja Mülhopt ², Silvia Diabaté ³, Manosij Ghosh ¹, Hanns-Rudolf Paur ²,
Dieter Stapf ², Carsten Weiss ³, and Peter H. Hoet ¹,

¹ Laboratory of Toxicology, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
² Institute for Technical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
³ Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems—Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany

In this study, they investigated the influence of agglomeration on the deposition and cytotoxic potency of TiO₂ NMs at the ALI. Our results indicate that dose deposition and the cytotoxic potential are influenced by agglomeration, particularly for nano-sized TiO₂ particles.

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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105095

Espen Mariussen ^a,b, Lise Fjellsbø ^a,c, Tomas Roll Frømyr ^b, Ida Vaa Johnsen ^b, Tove Engen Karsrud ^b, Øyvind Albert Voie ^b
a Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), PO Box 100, NO-2027 Kjeller, Norway
^b Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (FFI), PO Box 25, NO-2027 Kjeller, Norway
^c Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), PO Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway

Highlights
•Gunshot fumes are cytotoxic and induce DNA-damage in lung cells exposed at the air liquid interface.
•Shooting from small arms generate fumes with substantial amounts of nanosized materials.
•Toxicity of the gunshot fumes differed between different types of ammunition.

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https://doi.org/10.1007/s11626-020-00517-7

Xuefei Cao¹, Jayme P. Coyle², Rui Xiong¹, Yiying Wang¹, Robert H. Heflich¹, Baiping Ren¹, William M. Gwinn³, Patrick Hayden⁴, Liying Rojanasakul²

¹ Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Rd., AR Jefferson, USA
² Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers forDisease Control and Prevention,Morgantown,WV, USA
³ Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
⁴ BioSurfaces Inc., Ashland, MA, USA

One important element for validating any new assay for making regulatory decisions is determining its performance relative to an accepted standard. Conducting in vivo inhalation toxicity studies using whole-body or nose-only exposure systems is expensive and time-consuming and typically requires a large number of animals. The goal of using alternative methods, like human in vitro ALI airway cultures, ultimately is to replace inhalation toxicity testing in animals with in vitro approaches. Transition from animal- to human-based models is ultimately expected to lead to faster and better predictive toxicity assessments and therapeutic development at lower cost.  This study shows the development and validation of alternative in vitro methods for acute toxicity testing, including acute inhalation toxicity testing.
 

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96-well Air/Liquid Interface (ALI) exposure. For reliable high throughput testing of cell cultures.

The VITROCELL® Cloud Alpha 96 is our newest innovation and presents a great leap forward in automated exposure of cell cultures. It combines high throughput testing with ease of use. The development is based on the well-known and frequently published VITROCELL® Cloud formats (6-, 12- and 24-well). It’s functionality enables fully automated processes with an all-in-one control unit. Everyday experiments at the air/liquid interface have never been easier.

VITROCELL® Cloud Alpha 96

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