New designs of electronic cigarettes such as ENDS (Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems) products or HTP (Heated Tobacco Products) lead to a large variety of different shapes which make the insertion into conventional holders with labyrinth seals impossible. VITROCELL® has developed a new holder system which is flexible to adjust to different shapes.

VITROCELL Application Note

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New designs of electronic cigarettes such as ENDS (Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems) products or HTP (Heated Tobacco Products) lead to a large variety of different shapes which make the insertion into conventional holders with labyrinth seals impossible. VITROCELL® has developed a new holder system which is flexible to adjust to different shapes.

VITROCELL Application Note

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DOI:10.3791/61210 

Hedwig M. Braakhuis^₁, Ruiwen He^1,2, Rob J. Vandebriel¹, Eric R. Gremmer¹, Edwin Zwart¹, Jolanda P. Vermeulen¹, Paul Fokkens¹, John Boere¹, Ilse Gosens¹, Flemming R. Cassee^1,2 
1National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) 
²Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS) 

This article provides a method for culturing and exposing the human bronchial epithelial cell line Calu-37 at the Air-liquid Interface that mimics realistic, repeated inhalation exposure conditions that can be used for toxicity testing. By applying a continuous airflow using the Automated Exposure System, the cell model can be exposed to a low concentration of particles over a longer time period, reflecting realistic exposure conditions. Characteristics of both the cell model and of  the exposure system are essential for achieving a realistic inhalation exposure model that can be used for repeated exposures. 

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In der Inhalationstherapie werden pharmazeutische Präparate als Aerosole auf Zellen des Atemtraktes im Nasen- oder Lungenbereich appliziert. Zur präklinischen Entwicklung neuer Arzneimittel werden dafür oft kommerziell erhältliche, physiologisch relevante in vitro Zellkulturmodelle des Nasen-, Rachen- oder Lungenepithels verwendet. In jüngster Zeit wurden diese Modelle verfeinert, um SARS-CoV-2 Infektionen nachzuahmen.

VITROCELL Anwendungshinweis.

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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2020.503135

Authors
StefanPfuhler^a, Janvan Benthem^b, RodgerCurren^c, Shareen H.Doak^d, MariaDusinska^e, MakotoHayashi^f, Robert H.Heflich^g, DarrenKidd^h, DavidKirklandⁱ, YangLuan^j, GladysOuedraogo^k, KerstinReisinger^l, ToshioSofuni^m, Frédériquevan Ackerⁿ, YingYang^o, RaffaellaCorvi^p
a Procter and Gamble, Mason Business Centre, Mason, OH, USA
^b National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Centre for Health Protection, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
^c Institute for In Vitro Sciences, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, USA
^d Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, Wales, UK
^e Health Effects Laboratory, Department of Environmental Chemistry, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway
^f makoto international consulting, Ebina, Japan
^g U.S. Food and Drug Administration/National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA
^h Covance Laboratories Ltd, Otley Road, Harrogate, HG3 1PY, UK
ⁱ Kirkland Consulting, PO Box 79, Tadcaster, LS24 0AS, UK
^j School of Public Health, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
^k L’Oréal R&I, Aulnay-sous-bois, France
^l Henkel AG & Co KGaA, Duesseldorf, Germany
^m Formerly National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
ⁿ Triskelion B.V., Zeist, the Netherlands
^o Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, PR China
^p European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy

Highlights
• Extensive progress made in development of 3D organ-based genotoxicity assays.
• 3D culture models represent major exposure routes: dermal, oral, inhalation.
• The 3D skin comet and MN assays are considered mature and sufficiently validated.
• Liver and airway model-based genotoxicity assays show promise but are at early stage.<

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