DOI:10.3791/61210 

Hedwig M. Braakhuis^₁, Ruiwen He^1,2, Rob J. Vandebriel¹, Eric R. Gremmer¹, Edwin Zwart¹, Jolanda P. Vermeulen¹, Paul Fokkens¹, John Boere¹, Ilse Gosens¹, Flemming R. Cassee^1,2 
1National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) 
²Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS) 

This article provides a method for culturing and exposing the human bronchial epithelial cell line Calu-37 at the Air-liquid Interface that mimics realistic, repeated inhalation exposure conditions that can be used for toxicity testing. By applying a continuous airflow using the Automated Exposure System, the cell model can be exposed to a low concentration of particles over a longer time period, reflecting realistic exposure conditions. Characteristics of both the cell model and of  the exposure system are essential for achieving a realistic inhalation exposure model that can be used for repeated exposures. 

Read more

In inhalation therapy, drugs are deposited as aerosols on cells of the respiratory tract from the nasal or lung region. Physiologically realistic in vitro cell culture models of the pulmonary epithelium and the air-blood barrier as well as from the nasal region are commercially available. Recently, these models have been refined to mimic  SARS-CoV-2 infections.

VITROCELL Application Note.

Read more

David H. Brandwein, F. Adam Bettmann, Michael P. DeLorme, Alan T. Eveland, Lawrence M. Milchak 
3M Corporate Toxicology and Environmental Science, St. Paul, MN
 

The STL is working to develop an in vitro screening ALI model to assess the acute respiratory irritation potential for new chemicals. These experiments examined multiple aspects of the model, including different cell culture systems (A549 and EpiAirway), different exposure methods (dynamic vapor and liquid phase), and different post exposure periods, all using acrolein as a model respiratory irritant. The goal was to better understand the critical parameters of the cell systems and exposure methods to enable the development of a consistent screening model, while gaining clarity of the dosimetry. 

Read more

DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125126 

Autors

Benjamin M King ¹ , Nathan J Janechek ¹ , Nathan Bryngelson ¹ , Andrea Adamcakova-Dodd ² , Traci Lersch ³ , Kristin Bunker ³ , Gary Casuccio ³ , Peter S Thorne ² , Charles O Stanier ⁴ , Jennifer Fiegel ⁵ 

¹Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Iowa, 4133 Seamans Center for the Engineering Arts and Sciences, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
²Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, 145 N. Riverside Dr., Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
³RJ Lee Group, 350 Hochberg Road, Monroeville, PA, 15146, USA.
⁴Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Iowa, 4133 Seamans Center for the Engineering Arts and Sciences, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. Electronic address: charles-stanier@uiowa.edu.
⁵Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Iowa, 4133 Seamans Center for the Engineering Arts and Sciences, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. Electronic address: jennifer-fiegel@uiowa.edu.

A549 Lung cells were exposed to the secondary organosilicon aerosols using the Vitrocell 6 air-liquid interface system.

Read more

doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104798

Autors

Medina-Reyes EI¹, Delgado-Buenrostro NL², Leseman DL³, Déciga-Alcaraz A², He R4, Gremmer ER³, Fokkens PHB³, Flores-Flores JO⁵, Cassee FR⁴, Chirino YI².
¹ Laboratorio de Carcinogénesis y Toxicología, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, Mexico. Electronic address: medinaingrid0@gmail.com.
² Laboratorio de Carcinogénesis y Toxicología, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, Mexico.
³ National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
⁴ National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands; Institute of Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
⁵ Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, CP 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico

The Air-liquid interface (ALI) model has emerged as a closer physiological system that mimics exposure in gaseous and liquid phases. This Study shows that the exposure to TiO₂ nanofibers and nanoparticles displays similar toxicity both the ALI and submerged cell cultures, using lung epithelial A549 cells. Additionally, they detected for the first time that TiO₂ nanofibers were located into the nucleus.

Read more