https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2022.107366
Michal Pardoa, Svenja Offerbc, Elena Hartnerbc, Sebastiano Di Bucchianicob, Christoph Bisigb, Stefanie Bauerb, Jana Pantzkebc, Elias J. Zimmermannbc, XinCaobc, Stephanie Binderbc, Evelyn Kuhnb, Anja Huberb, Seongho Jeongbc, Uwe Käferbc, Eric Schneiderc,[…]
a Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street, POB 26, ISR-7610001 Rehovot, Israel
b Joint Mass Spectrometry Center (JMSC) at Comprehensive Molecular Analytics (CMA), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
c Joint Mass Spectrometry Center (JMSC) at Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Dr.-Lorenz-Weg 2, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
d Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland
e University of the Bundeswehr Munich, Institute for Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Werner- Heisenberg-Weg 39, D-85577 Neubiberg, Germany
f Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, CZE-12800 Prague, Czech Republic
g Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland
h Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Troposphere (IEK-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johen-Str., D-52428 Jülich, Germany
i Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstr. 27, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
j Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, D-13125 Berlin, Germany
k Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
l The Mantoux Bioinformatics Institute of the Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Highlights
• A comprehensive comparison between SOANap-SP and SOAβPin-SP shows differences in their chemical composition.
• SOANap-SP has a higher cytotoxic potential than SOAβPin-SP.
• SOANap-SP has stronger potency in inducing inflammatory and genotoxicity response than that of SOAβPin-SP.
• SOANap-SP activates Nrf-, AhR-, MMP- and MAPK signaling pathways.
ABSTRACT
The health effects of exposure to secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) are still limited. Here, we investigated and compared the toxicities of soot particles (SP) coated with β-pinene SOA (SOAβPin-SP) and SP coated with naphthalene SOA (SOANap-SP) in a human bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B) residing at the air–liquid interface. SOAβPin-SP mostly contained oxygenated aliphatic compounds from β-pinene photooxidation, whereas SOANap-SP contained a significant fraction of oxygenated aromatic products under similar conditions. Following exposure, genome-wide transcriptome responses showed an Nrf2 oxidative stress response, particularly for SOANap-SP. Other signaling pathways, such as redox signaling, inflammatory signaling, and the involvement of matrix metalloproteinase, were identified to have a stronger impact following exposure to SOANap-SP. SOANap-SP also induced a stronger genotoxicity response than that of SOAβPin-SP. This study elucidated the mechanisms that govern SOA toxicity and showed that, compared to SOAs derived from a typical biogenic precursor, SOAs from a typical anthropogenic precursor have higher toxicological potency, which was accompanied with the activation of varied cellular mechanisms, such as aryl hydrocarbon receptor. This can be attributed to the difference in chemical composition; specifically, the aromatic compounds in the naphthalene-derived SOA had higher cytotoxic potential than that of the β-pinene-derived SOAap-SP activates Nrf-, AhR-, MMP- and MAPK signaling pathways.
